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--- CHEATSHEET COMPTIA NETWORK+ 

Models are a simplified representation of the real thing and must have at least the major functions of the real item.

ISO (The International Organization for Standardization) / 7 layer model.
Protocols: sets of clearly defined rules, regulations, standards, and procedures that enable hardware and software developers to make devices and applications that function properly at a particular layer.

OSI 7 layers are:
 layer 7 - APPLICATION
 layer 6 - PRESENTATION
 layer 5 - SESSION
 layer 4 - TRANSPORT
 layer 3 - NETWORK
 layer 2 - DATA LINK
 layer 1 - PHYSICAL (utp cable, central box, radio wave, fiber optics) / anything that moves data from one to another system.
 
 memo technique: All People Seem To Need Data Processing
 
 UTP (unshielded Twisted Pair) 
 - cable reseaux / 4 fils
 
 NIC (network Interface card)
  - serve as the interface between the card and the network.
  - contains rom chips / with special firmware / unique identifier 48 bits values MAC adress (Media Access Control Adress). This identifier is unique.
  - mac adress is written in hex characteres 48 bits.